Washington Post “explains” Bangladesh
The Washington Post ran an article on Bangladesh last Wednesday. Most of it reads like a first-year undergraduate’s research paper, which is fine given that this is for public consumption. However, the story gets it wrong on one very important front: inflation.
The article says:
The transition from a system in which corruption rules to one in which institutions do has indeed been difficult. Prices for daily essentials such as rice and fish, staples of the Bangladeshi diet, have increased. The reason, according to some analysts, is that businesses are finally paying taxes levied on their products and passing on the costs.
and again:
Many business leaders say that what used to get through with a call to the right contact, a slap on the back and an envelope of cash now requires paperwork in triplicate and rounds of approvals. On Dhaka’s traffic-clogged streets, fruit and fish dealers are learning about new tax codes and fees that need to be paid to get their products to market.
“This is all news to us,” said Kazzim Uddin, 37, a father of four who swatted the flies away from his silver trays of sardines and white fish. “We don’t have to pay bribes anymore. But we do notice the prices are so much higher. Long-term, it is so much better. But short-term, it hurts the family budget.”
Yet another instance of an America-centric media covering only that part of the story that fits in with their ideological spectacles and ignoring the reality on the ground!
For those interested in a better treatment of our inflationary pressures, please read this old post by Jyoti bhai and the subsequent discussions. There you will see that the current inflation goes above and beyond the passing-taxes-onto-the-consumer rationale given in the WP post. It is tragic that such a childish view of such an important problem for 140 million people is presented in a major American newspaper.
It has been argued that the current government has made inflation worse through its anti-corruption drive against businessmen and businessmen/politicians. That argument has been made with regards to the business confidence of the businessmen themselves. That is not the argument that this article is making however. This is seeing inflation as (ONLY) the result of a move from a patronage(corruption)-based system to an institution-based system. What I find baffling is the logic involved in constructing this argument in the first place: essentially they are saying that political patronage networks take less “tax” from the people than the “institutional” state, which is why prices are now higher. IF this is true (and there is no empirical study on BD to prove it), this is not exactly a great incentive to move away from patronage systems into institution-based ones in the short-run! But given the inherent stability of institutions over patronage networks, not a bad price to pay.
What they don’t do is cover the other side of the picture: what services the government is providing in return for the taxes. Are they doing a better job without political patrons interfering? That is of course not something that the article deals with. Shoddy research and reporting!
October 10th, 2007 at 12:06 am
Thanks Indrani.
Actual article may require a sign-in to view: here is the full article…
============================================
In Bangladesh, ‘a Quiet Revolution’
War on Rampant Graft Brings Pain, Promises
By Emily Wax
Washington Post Foreign Service
Wednesday, October 3, 2007; Page A16
DHAKA, Bangladesh — It’s been called Bangladesh’s war on corruption, a revolution in this South Asian nation once persistently ranked as the most kleptocratic in the world. It’s a place where extorting cash was so ingrained in the social fabric that even the Bureau of Anti-Corruption accepted a “ghoosh,” or bribe.
Now, though, two former prime ministers — rival politicians who have dominated this country’s politics for 16 years — are behind bars, awaiting trial for allegedly siphoning off millions of dollars from the government. Also incarcerated on graft, tax-evasion and corruption charges are 170 members of the ruling elite, along with an estimated 15,000 political underbosses, local government officials and businessmen.
Photo: Merchant Kazzim Uddin says prices in Dhaka are noticeably higher. The reason, some analysts say, is that businesses are finally paying taxes and passing on the costs.
Merchant Kazzim Uddin says prices in Dhaka are noticeably higher. The reason, some analysts say, is that businesses are finally paying taxes and passing on the costs. (By Abir Abxdullah For The Washington Post)
Comments that include profanity or personal attacks or other inappropriate comments or material will be removed from the site. Additionally, entries that are unsigned or contain “signatures” by someone other than the actual author will be removed. Finally, we will take steps to block users who violate any of our posting standards, terms of use or privacy policies or any other policies governing this site. Please review the full rules governing commentaries and discussions. You are fully responsible for the content that you post.
In one way or another, they are all alleged to have stolen from a population of 150 million people who have long languished in abject poverty.
The list of accused includes not only former prime ministers Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina but also Zia’s eldest son, Tarique Rahman, who was known as “Mr. 10 Percent” until recently. Rahman skimmed close to $1 million from government coffers, according to Bangladesh’s freshly mandated Independent Anti-Corruption Commission, and is now being called “Mr. 110 Percent.”
Rahman, Zia and Hasina all deny wrongdoing.
The arrests this year are unprecedented for South Asia, a region with a reputation for widespread impunity when it comes to thievery in government. Corruption experts say bribes are routinely offered — and taken — to push forward a water project, a new road, a sari business or a passport application. Even relief funds for victims of cyclones and flooding have mysteriously disappeared. Since Bangladesh’s independence from Pakistan in 1971, an estimated $40 billion in international aid has been stolen, analysts say.
“It’s completely surreal and was unthinkable in South Asia that a country’s demigods are now in jail, and that’s what we are seeing here,” said Iftekhar Zaman, executive director of the Bangladesh branch of Transparency International, a leading anti-corruption watchdog, which has its largest chapter in the world in Bangladesh. “For many people, what matters is daily life, and corruption was so deep-rooted here . . . that there has to be a painful transition. But in the long term, it has to happen.”
The transition from a system in which corruption rules to one in which institutions do has indeed been difficult. Prices for daily essentials such as rice and fish, staples of the Bangladeshi diet, have increased. The reason, according to some analysts, is that businesses are finally paying taxes levied on their products and passing on the costs.
Bangladesh’s military-backed government, which assumed power Jan. 11 following months of unrest, is responsible for the crackdown. It declared emergency rule, banning political activity and protests, and said it would root out corruption by any means necessary before allowing elections to be held in 2008.
Critics, who say the anti-corruption campaign has been taken too far, have called the government’s takeover “Bangladesh’s 1/11.” Arrests are often made in the middle of the night, according to relatives of those charged.
“Since 1/11, we are passing sleepless nights,” said Abu Motaleb of the Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry, which recently held a seminar advising business leaders on the crackdown.
Many business leaders say that what used to get through with a call to the right contact, a slap on the back and an envelope of cash now requires paperwork in triplicate and rounds of approvals. On Dhaka’s traffic-clogged streets, fruit and fish dealers are learning about new tax codes and fees that need to be paid to get their products to market.
“This is all news to us,” said Kazzim Uddin, 37, a father of four who swatted the flies away from his silver trays of sardines and white fish. “We don’t have to pay bribes anymore. But we do notice the prices are so much higher. Long-term, it is so much better. But short-term, it hurts the family budget.”
The interim government says these are normal growing pains, and the only way to change the system. For decades, a small elite has controlled scarce resources while the poor have suffered; that, the government says, must change.
“Even a little corruption is bad because it sets a tone that anything goes,” said Hasan Mashhud Chowdhury, chairman of the Anti-Corruption Commission, which has replaced the now-defunct, and corrupt, Bureau of Anti-Corruption. “Corruption is tied to poverty. Africa has its Big Men, with their sycophants who benefited from their power. Well, Bangladesh has its Big Women and their blind followers. And why should we all be too afraid to take back what our citizens lost?” Zia and Hasina, both women, dominated politics here for years.
Some Bangladeshis say they are optimistic but cautiously so. They point to neighboring Pakistan, whose military-led anti-corruption drive in recent years ended with the military fixed in power.
Some in civil society say that there have been too many arrests and that those who have been arrested have not been provided with due process. Those are accusations that the interim government says are untrue and unfair.
“What about the rights of the Bangladeshi citizens that were stolen from and kept in terrible poverty? What is happening here is nothing short of a quiet revolution without violence,” said Mainul Hosein, the caretaker government’s key law and justice official. “At least we are trying to establish an honest government.”
October 10th, 2007 at 10:49 am
“painful transition.”
can the country take the pain? will those who gain from others pain but not in pain themselves alow it?
October 10th, 2007 at 11:09 am
Good question fugstar, but not what i was aiming for. my questions is more like this:
1 Does the transition necessarily have to be painful?
2 If yes, then does it have to be this painful?
Gaining from others pain will remain as long as there is no institutionalization, and even then to a lesser degree. the focus then has to be on the performance of the present group ‘not in pain’ and not on the past group ‘not in pain’.
October 10th, 2007 at 12:49 pm
i wasnt really speaking to your question, just pondering on the TI quote.
There’s a snickers bar advert in the uk, with Mr T. He drives up to a sportsman feigning injury on a football field and tells him to buck up and stop being a sissy, otherwise he’d get to know ‘my friend PAAAIN’.
I’m not a member of the buttercups and daisys school of thought. Painful mistakes that we have ownership of have value, learning in the institutional system and values that help us priorities mountains and molehills help too.
If you are asking about institutionalisation of learning, id say that there is more going on now. The frontline first class officers; secretaries, unos and DCs are no longer playing that crazy game of musical chairs. with added continuity and time there is a growing chance of solving problems.
If you elect an idiot into parliament, you must feel the pain and you deserve to feel the pain. If you elect a sequence of foolish and corrupt people into power…
It would be less painful if those who dont feel pain were not so overindulgent.
comparison groups.
tbh. i was refering to the potential ansar in our society, not just the govt.
Disagree that the focus should be on the current power. When there were floods and people went nutty over the politically interested parties not being able to give relief.
Nobody mentioned the 15 year time scale over which the water board has been destroyed and the democratic imperetive of these scoundrel politicians and pseudoscientists ensuring no solution to flood issues to keep their saline drips flowing year by year.
People with very dry feet were rushing to grind their axes out on the CTmG. not fair. its an accumulative problem and 9 month timescale blinkering isnt going to help us get the truth.
The level of interest that top people like CS KArim have taken in running around the coutry learning in unprecedented. monkeys in institutions dont learn.
1)yes
2)probably, thats dues to some of the characteristics of the society. It would be less painful if the people in charge were more able and some of the people not in charge were less malcontented. but for the moment we have to make do with what we have.
October 11th, 2007 at 1:52 am
Oh please, this article gets FAR more than the inflation factor wrong. Frankly, I’m not even sure how the Editorial board of the Post allowed such a naive, poorly researched article to fly by. There is no REVOLUTION in Bangladesh, it is a military coup. Big difference. And sleepless nights? For who?? The militants who are the only winners in this “quiet” revolution. I don’t think it’s that quiet in the prisons, the author should have read the human rights records for some noise.
October 11th, 2007 at 3:34 am
Nadia (#5),
Who are the ‘militants who are the only winners’? And, how are they ‘winners’??
October 11th, 2007 at 10:23 am
[...] government.” The above paragraph is from the recent Washington Post article discussed by Indrani. So, what has the anti-corruption drive done to the much talked about corruption indicator? [...]
October 11th, 2007 at 3:34 pm
It will take at least 5-10 years of sustained anti corruption drive to have any long term impact on our society - most of us have participated in corruption either as the perpetuator or as a benefactor (by giving bribes).
The corruption culture cannot be eradicated within few months but may be possible with the continuation of the current drive.
I will just cite one example:
Many of my wealthy family members and friends are rushing to get the income tax files/payments in order and tax lawyers in general are doing a cracking business.
Out of crores of people the military backed government has only arrested less than 1000 corrupt politicians and businessmen. I fully support the corruption drive.
The AL/BNP as usual promised a lot of reform once ban on indoor politics were to be lifted. Have we seen any reform initiatives since the ban was lifted — NO!!
For these parties it’s business as usual - in fighting, back biting and back tracking on promises.
October 13th, 2007 at 12:28 pm
Viva la Bangla Democracy!
I am shocked too see that no one in the cyberspace has so far addressed the idea of a national coalition government (NCG) floated by a former president and senior politicians. I think since this is an open discussion on mainly confronting corruption my opinion on a NCG can be squeezed into the forum. We must not also belittle our politicians in the foreign media. Washington Post’s reasoning behind the price rise of essentials due to strict enforcement of VAT is absurd and silly. We also need to find out the share of the $40 billion dollars looted since 1971 by donor assigned consultants and projects.What was their share of the booty? I am sure it is going to be a staggering figure in the range of billions! Can the Washington Post help in this regard?
I think the idea of a national coalition government is unrealistic. People in Bangladesh vote every five years to bring into power a government of their liking and send the losers to the opposition bench. A coalition national concensus/coalition government for ten long years will crumble like a house of cards.
The elected government and the sitting opposition should sit together after elections and work on national issues like hartaals, destruction of national properties, healthcare, education, significant increase of salaries of public employees to deter corruption, etc. that need to be addressed from a national perspective.
There is no need for a national coalition government for 10 long years. It is an antithesis to participatory paliamentary democracy. People in Bangladesh are eagerly waiting to cast their votes as soon as possible. In many places outside Dhaka people have become restive. They just want Bangladesh back on its democratic parliamentary path minus the excesses and abuses of the past. I think we have learnt a lot from our mistakes in the past. Only politicians are not to blame. The civil and military bureaucrats are getting a free ride under the CTG as if they were silent innocent partners during the past misdeeds.
The idea of a NCG is being promoted by personalities like Dr.Kamal Hossain, Prof. Badruddoza Choudhury, Dr. Yunus, Rehman Sobhan, the current CTG and a detatched from grassroots level section of society called Shushil Shomaj. They can surely advice a democratically elected government and even hold important portfolios if the elected reps so desire once the new elected government is sworn in but should not crave for unconstitutional power. People will not buy these so called ‘intellectual circle’ weird ideas.
Bangladesh is sitting on a powder keg waiting to explode if any further attempt is made to stiffle democracy here. People must be allowed to elect representatives of their own liking. There are many honest dedicated politicians in AWL, BNP and other parties to steer us out of troubled waters. The majority of our sincere politicians cannot take the blame for the corrupt practices of a minor section of them criminalizing politics.
I think the Commomwealth Secretary General Sir McKinnon’s brilliant speech at New Delhi last month is a must read for anyone closely monitoring evolving developments in Bangladesh. It can be accessed at the Commonwealth website.
October 13th, 2007 at 6:51 pm
#9,
Here are at least three blogs on cyberspace who have written about Dr. Badruddoza Chowdhury’s proposal:
http://rumiahmed.wordpress.com/2007/10/08/b-chowdhury-hosts-iftar-party/
http://addafication.com/2007/10/08/bad-idea-watch-iii/
http://dhakashohor.blogspot.com/2007/10/dr-badruddoza-chowdhury-calls-for.html
Where exactly are you getting the $40 billion dollar looted by consultants figure? Was that part of TIB’s latest report on NGOs?:)
October 13th, 2007 at 10:15 pm
Gonotontro Mukti Paak (#9),
What has prompted you to “think we have learnt a lot from our mistakes in the past”???
October 15th, 2007 at 1:23 pm
IF the two parties could sit together and address national issues than we would not be under an emergency today.
Gonotontro M P..where have you been for the last few decades!!
If our corrupted politicians were willing to work together, our country would now be a more developed country.
Even after the emergency delcaration, we have seen little signs from the Hasina/Khaleda camp that they are ready to change their ways.
October 15th, 2007 at 6:51 pm
#5 Nadia Hossain,
At what point does a change in government become “a revolution”? A coup can be seen as a subset of a revolution.
Semantics aside, I agree with the rest of what you said: very poorly researched article that does not address a number of concerns held by local media and activists.
#6 abrar khan,
“It will take at least 5-10 years of sustained anti corruption drive to have any long term impact on our society - most of us have participated in corruption either as the perpetuator or as a benefactor (by giving bribes).
The corruption culture cannot be eradicated within few months but may be possible with the continuation of the current drive.”
If as you say most of us have participated in corruption, then why are only a handful of people getting punished? Why are some still untouchable and some not?
5-10 years of sustained anti-corruption drive is NOT going to change our corruption culture, but rather replace the old corrupt set with a different corrupt set. If we do get 5-10 years of this corruption drive, please come back and let me know if I was right on this or not.
Lastly, it is very distressing to see the direction of every thread move away from whether the topic (ie. whether WP got their assessment on BD right or not) to the usual pro-CTG anti-CTG debate.